Quickly understand the production process and equipment of panel furniture, procurement, quality inspection, supplier development and quality control of Chinese furniture
Guide: Panel furniture also has different technological processes due to its different surface materials and surface decoration effects. The main representative categories are: veneer panel furniture, sticker panel furniture, solid color panel furniture, melamine type panel furniture, solid wood panel furniture, and mixed type panel furniture composed of one, two or more of the above categories. The main process flow includes cutting, veneer, edge sealing, slot processing, packaging and assembly.
Material opening
Cutting is the process of cutting the boards used for making furniture. Because the structure of panel furniture is relatively simple and the precision of connectors is high, the panel can be directly cut to the size of the required parts with a high-precision cutting saw during the blanking process.
The equipment used for cutting is mainly the cutting saw. The traditional cutting equipment commonly used in the production of panel furniture is the precision panel saw, which is also known as the “push table saw” because it has a movable workbench on its side. The sliding table saw requires manual or semi manual operation by workers. Each time a piece of plate is processed, the work intensity is relatively high, the work efficiency is relatively low, and the processing accuracy and safety factor are relatively low. Another commonly used horizontal precision panel saw can be used for cutting multiple and large panel materials. With large output and high precision, it is often used in large-scale production.
There are two types of advanced blanking equipment:
① The electronic cutting saw, also known as the “computerized panel saw”, is an advanced digital processing equipment, which can be used for cutting a variety of plates.
② NC machining center blanking equipment. NC machining center can perform blanking of plates with curved edges. Its basic principle is to use a milling cutter to directly mill grooves with depth exceeding the plate thickness along the edge of the plate, so as to achieve the purpose of cutting.
Among them, the most widely used is the electronic cutting saw. The electronic cutting saw is widely used for processing various plywood, fiberboard, particle board, ASS board, PVC board, organic glass board, solid wood board and other structures, and cutting boards with similar hardness.
Characteristics of electronic cutting saw:
① High cutting accuracy and low loss: the saw blade runs on the linear guide rail, avoiding the deviation in speed, strength, direction and other aspects caused by manual pushing, and the saw mouth is accurate and neat.
② Safety and environmental protection: infrared scanning, there are foreign matters within 10cm from the saw blade, and the saw blade sinks automatically to prevent accidents; The key type dust curtain can make the working environment cleaner and the sawing accuracy higher. The fine dust in the whole cutting workshop reduces the harm to people, and the production environment is cleaner with low noise.
③ High efficiency: the working quantity of one electronic cutting saw is equivalent to three sliding table saws. With the automatic lifting feeding mechanism, fast feeding can be realized.
④ High accuracy: the telescopic guiding rule makes the long plate more accurate and can save working space.
⑤ The body structure is stable and firm: 150 × seventy-five × 5. The square tube is welded with the 20mm bench plate, and then annealed at zero temperature by large heat treatment equipment to effectively remove the body stress, ensure the long-term sawing accuracy of the machine, and ensure that the body will never be deformed and durable.
⑥ Simple operation: as the size and other data are controlled by the computer, there is less manual participation, so the requirements for the level of workers are relatively low. Ordinary workers do not need to know much about the furniture structure and can take up their posts after short-term training.
Wood based panel veneer
Wood based panel veneer includes six steps from cutting to trimming, which is the front step of panel furniture production. The wood-based panels purchased by furniture manufacturers are all substrates whose surfaces have not been decorated. The manufacturer shall veneer the artificial surface according to the requirements of furniture design. There are many kinds of materials used for veneering, including melamine impregnated paper, veneer, decorative paper, etc.
The size deviation of the artificial board after cutting is large, and the veneering at this time will lead to defects such as hollowing on the surface, which can not be used. Therefore, it is necessary to sand the thickness of the plate to make the surface as flat as possible. The equipment used for constant thickness sanding is a wide band sander. The high-precision wide band sander can grind off the large roughness of the wood-based panel surface by setting the thickness, which can correct the size of the wood-based panel, make its thickness more uniform, and make the surface more smooth, so as to prepare for the subsequent surface decoration.
After sanding, the substrate needs to be cleaned to remove surface impurities. The processed plates are veneered by the veneer assembly line. The veneer assembly line is composed of a veneer machine, a hot press, a cooler, etc. It can semi automatically complete the processes of gluing, veneer, hot pressing, quality inspection, cooling, trimming, etc. with manual participation.
Edge banding
Edge sealing refers to the sealing of the edges of the panels with strips of wood, thin strips, veneer strips, thin strips, melamine resin decorative strips, plastic film PVC strips, ABS strips, pre painted decorative strips and other strip edge sealing materials, which are glued and pressed on the edges of the panels. The substrate can be particleboard, medium density fiberboard, blockboard, double wrapped panel, etc.
The edge sealing treatment of wood-based panels is an important link in the twice processing of wood-based panels. Through edge sealing, the appearance quality of furniture can be improved, and the damage of edges and corners, lifting or peeling of veneer layer can be avoided during the transportation and use of furniture. At the same time, it can play a role in waterproof, blocking the release of harmful gases, reducing deformation and cracking, and can also beautify furniture and make people happy.
There are many kinds of edge banding materials, and PVC edge banding strips are commonly used in customized furniture cabinets. The common method is to stick the edge banding strip to the side of the panel with adhesive. If the side of the plate is a linear structure, it is called linear edge banding; If the side of the panel is a special-shaped structure, it is called special-shaped edge banding. If the shape of the plate has milling shape, post forming edge banding is required. Linear edge banding is relatively simple and efficient. Due to the influence of the abnormal shape of the plate, the degree of manual participation is relatively high and relatively slow.
The tools used in the edge bonding process are edge bonding machines, including linear edge bonding machines and special-shaped edge bonding machines.
Slot hole processing
(1) The components of drilling panel furniture need to process various connection holes and round bar tenon holes. There are four main types:
① Connector hole: used to install and connect various connectors;
② Round tenon hole: used to install round tenon and locate parts;
③ Hinge hole: used for the installation of various door hinges;
④ Guide hole: used for positioning of various screws and for screwing in self tapping screws.
(2) The slotting and notching process can process various notches on various workpieces, such as through grooves, broken grooves, wire holes, etc. Slots on panel furniture are generally used to install panels, such as the back plate of the cabinet, the bottom plate of the drawer, etc; Or it can be used to install various hardware accessories, such as rails of sliding doors and other structures, various cables, decorative strips, etc.
Packaging panel furniture mostly adopts flat packaging. During transportation, the furniture is disassembled into various pieces, stacked together and packaged into smaller volumes. After arriving at the customer’s home, they will be assembled and shaped on site. This not only fully saves the transportation space, but also reduces the transportation cost. The packaging of this kind of furniture is flat packaging.
