Strength properties usually reported include modulus of rupture. (MOR, bending strength), compression strength parallel to surface, tension strength parallel to …
The term composite is used to describe any wood material
bonded together with adhesives. The current product mix
ranges from fiberboard to laminated beams and components.
In this chapter, wood-based composite materials are classified into the following categories: panel products (plywood,
oriented strandboard (OSB), particleboard, fiberboard,
medium-density fiberboard (MDF), hardboard); structural
timber products (glued-laminated timber (glulam), laminated veneer lumber (LVL), laminated strand lumber, parallel strand lumber); and wood–nonwood composites (wood
fiber–thermoplastics, inorganic-bonded composites).
Wood-based composites are used for a number of structural
and nonstructural applications. Product lines include panels
for both interior and exterior uses, furniture components,
and support structures in buildings. Knowledge of the mechanical properties of these products is of critical importance to their proper use.
Wood-based composites are made from a wide range of
materials—from fibers obtained from underutilized smalldiameter or plantation trees to structural lumber. Regardless
of the raw material used in their manufacture, wood-based
composites provide uniform and predictable in-service
performance, largely as a consequence of standards used
to monitor and control their manufacture. The mechanical
properties of wood composites depend upon a variety of
factors, including wood species, forest management regimes
(naturally regenerated, intensively managed), the type of adhesive used to bind the wood elements together, geometry of
the wood elements (fibers, flakes, strands, particles, veneer,
lumber), and density of the final product (Cai 2006).
A wide range of engineering properties are used to characterize the performance of wood-based composites. Mechanical properties are typically the most frequently used to evaluate wood-based composites for structural and nonstructural
applications. Elastic and strength properties are the primary
criteria to select materials or to establish design or product
specifications. Elastic properties include modulus of elasticity (MOE) in bending, tension, and compression. Strength
properties usually reported include modulus of rupture
(MOR, bending strength), compression strength parallel to
surface, tension strength parallel to surface, tension strength
perpendicular to surface (internal bond strength), shear
strength, fastener holding capacity, and hardness.
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